From:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4JeGB6TSms
Paper referenced from here:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.06.23.21259327v1
Note it is a preprint and may be retracted.
In summary: Vaccine only looks for spike protein S1. Infection-derived immunity recognizes more of the virus and therefore offers better [current] protection against variants.
I have long argued that the current vaccine regime is faulty in that it doesn't use dead or "crippled" viruses to induce immunity.